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Capacity planning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Capacity planning is the process of determining the production capacity needed by an organization to meet changing demands for its products.
Effective capacity is the maximum amount of work that an organization is capable of completing in a given period due to constraints such as quality problems, delays, material handling, etc. The phrase is also used in business computing and information technology as a synonym for capacity management. IT capacity planning involves estimating the storage, computer hardware, software and connection infrastructure resources required over some future period of time.
INTRODUCTION OF PRODUCTION AND OPERATION. INTRODUCTION OF PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT. Balancing o f production capacity Production planning and. Capacity planning and Management is to provide a holistic and measurable view. Production Environment Institute Capacity Upgrade Capacity.
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Welcome to OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT. Production management. 11 Capacity planning and control 297. 7 Planning Production Capacity. Applications Forecast Management. For processes by which a particular surface can be made and plan for required capacity of the facility. The Production Management consists of Planning.
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A common concern of enterprises is whether the required resources are in place to handle an increase in users or number of interactions. This has been the traditional and vertical way of scaling up web applications, however IT capacity planning has been developed with the goal of forecasting the requirements for this vertical scaling approach. The goal of capacity planning is to minimize this discrepancy.
Demand for an organization's capacity varies based on changes in production output, such as increasing or decreasing the production quantity of an existing product, or producing new products. Better utilization of existing capacity can be accomplished through improvements in overall equipment effectiveness (OEE). Capacity can be increased through introducing new techniques, equipment and materials, increasing the number of workers or machines, increasing the number of shifts, or acquiring additional production facilities. Capacity is calculated as (number of machines or workers) . Lead strategy is an aggressive strategy with the goal of luring customers away from the company's competitors by improving the service level and reducing lead time. It is also a strategy aimed at reducing stockout costs.
A large capacity does not necessarily imply high inventory levels, but it can imply higher cycle stock costs. Excess capacity can also be rented to other companies. Advantage of lead strategy: First, it ensures that the organization has adequate capacity to meet all demand, even during periods of high growth. This is especially important when the availability of a product or service is crucial, as in the case of emergency care or hot new product.
For many new products, being late to market can mean the difference between success and failure. Another advantage of a lead capacity strategy is that it can be used to preempt competitors who might be planning to expand their own capacity. Being the first in an area to open a large grocery or home improvement store gives a retailer a define edge. Finally many businesses find that overbuilding in anticipation of increased usage is cheaper and less disruptive than constantly making small increases in capacity. Of course, a lead capacity strategy can be very risky, particularly if demand is unpredictable or technology is evolving rapidly. Lag strategy refers to adding capacity only after the organization is running at full capacity or beyond due to increase in demand (North Carolina State University, 2. This is a more conservative strategy and opposite of a lead capacity strategy.
It decreases the risk of waste, but it may result in the loss of possible customers either by stockout or low service levels. Three clear advantages of this strategy are a reduced risk of overbuilding, greater productivity due to higher utilization levels, and the ability to put off large investments as long as possible. Organization that follow this strategy often provide mature, cost- sensitive products or services. Match strategy is adding capacity in small amounts in response to changing demand in the market. This is a more moderate strategy. Adjustment strategy is adding or reducing capacity in small or large amounts due to consumer's demand, or, due to major changes to product or system architecture. It extends over time horizon long enough to obtain resources.
Capacity decisions affect the production lead time, customer responsiveness, operating cost and company ability to compete. Inadequate capacity planning can lead to the loss of the customer and business. Excess capacity can drain the company's resources and prevent investments into more lucrative ventures. The question of when capacity should be increased and by how much are the critical decisions. Failure to make these decisions correctly can be especially damaging to the overall performance when time delays are present in the system.
Simply multiply the standard cycle time by the number of parts and divide by the part or process OEE %. If production is scheduled to produce 5.
A on a machine having a cycle time of 3. OEE for the process is 8. In this example 4. OEE index. By repeating this process for all the parts that run through a given machine, it is possible to determine the total capacity required to run production. Capacity available. Typically, an annual forecast is used to determine how many hours per year are required. It is also possible that seasonal influences exist within the machine requirements, so a quarterly or even monthly capacity report may be required.
To calculate the total capacity available, the volume is adjusted according to the period being considered. The available capacity is difference between the required capacity and planned operating capacity. References. North Carolina State University. Guerrilla Capacity Planning. Retrieved 2. 9 May 2. The Every Computer Performance Book.
Capacity Requirements Planning. Krajewski, Lee J.; Ritzman, Larry P. Operations Management: Processes and Value Chains. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Quantitative System Performance.